Experience of stress is associated with a variety of negative outcomes such as a neglect of physical exercise, increases in drinking and smoking, and the adoption of an unhealthy diet in terms of high fat intake (Leventhal et al., 2017 Mikolajczyk et al., 2009 Ng & Jeffery, 2003 Vidal et al., 2018). This subjective evaluation is a relevant part of an individual’s response to stress (Cohen et al., 1983). Perceived stress is a widely employed notion to capture individuals’ subjective stress experience (Cohen, 1988 Fliege et al., 2005 Roberti et al., 2006 Taylor, 2015). Stress is a major concept regarding individual health. Combinations of breathing techniques and cold exposure may be employed to decrease individuals’ perceived stress.
The breathing technique and cold exposure on their own were not found to yield substantial effects, indicating synergies between both exercises. The combined group exhibited a medium to large positive effect on perceived stress compared to the control group. The instruments exhibit a substantial correlation (r = 0.842, p < 0.001). Perceived stress is measured employing the 10-item version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the 20-item version of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ). Eighty-six individuals participated in the study. An experiment involving four groups was conducted, yielding separate cells for breathing technique-only and cold exposure-only, as well as a combined treatment and a control group. A pranayama-inspired breathing technique, cold exposure, and their combined application were assessed for their potential to reduce perceived stress in adults and compared to a control group.
0 kommentar(er)
